This view contrasts sharply with the hierarchical structures found in religion and monarchical governments that were the holders of power at the time. The Enlightenment gave everyone the ability to understand the world. When studying differential calculus and trying to understand it, it is important to compare it to algebra. Algebra consists of calculating the slope of a straight line between two points. But the calculation is all about the slope of a curve, which means that the slope at one point is different from the slope at another point along the same curve function. Looking closely at the slope of the line between the two points on the curve, the speed at which the slope changes can be calculated. This is called finding the derivative of a function at a point. When these three laws of mechanics and the law of universal gravity are used together, we suddenly have an explanation for Kepler`s elliptical orbits. Not only that, we can explain the tides, the movement of cannonballs, virtually everything we see in the world around us. Newton was motivated by the belief that the path to true knowledge was to make observations rather than read books. For example, instead of trusting texts about optics, he experimented by inserting a bodkin, a blunt needle, into his eye to see its effect. He laid the foundation for his theories of calculus and the laws of motion that would later make him famous. But, of course, mysteriously, he kept his ideas to himself.
Isaac Newton developed a simple theory – four basic laws: three laws of motion and the law of universal gravity. In subsequent generations, however, René Descartes developed analytic geometry and Isaac Newton created calculus, which provided scientists with increasingly powerful methods for developing mathematical theories to describe how the world works. First, you need to know who Isaac Newton was and why he was and remains so important. He was a physicist, mathematician and cosmologist who was important in the 17th century. He is probably best known for formulating the laws of motion and universal gravity. Its influence cannot be overstated. One of his many achievements was the invention of calculus. His own work in physics undoubtedly brought him to this problem, and he felt the need to solve it with a new mathematical framework that simply did not exist until then. His interest in gravity and the laws of motion is associated with his breakthrough in calculus. His third law of action and reaction creates a simple symmetry to understand the world around us: for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When you sit on a chair, you exert force on the chair, but the chair exerts the same force to keep you standing.
And when a rocket is launched into space, it is thanks to the rear force of the rocket on the gas and the forward thrust of the gas on the rocket. Isaac Barrow, Cambridge`s first mathematics teacher, took Newton away from the standard baccalaureate texts and directed him towards the great unsolved mathematical problems of the time, such as the infinitesimal calculus – a way of describing how things change. The calculation will later be decisive in mathematically explaining the universe. Newton also sought new works by men like Descartes, who argued that the universe was governed by mechanical laws. The Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica took Newton two years to write. It was the culmination of more than 20 years of reflection. He described his own theory of calculus, the three laws of motion, and the first rigorous presentation of his theory of universal gravity. Together, this has provided a revolutionary new mathematical description of the universe. The work cemented his reputation and contains much of what is remembered today. Newton`s law of universal gravity is universal. It also applies to everything. Aristotle`s worldview was imposed by the centralized power of the Catholic Church.
Newton`s worldview did not come from authority, but from observation, something anyone could do. When pressed to the side, they change direction. The greater the thrust, the more change there is; The heavier the object, the less it changes. An object is subject to a force or not, so the first two laws are sufficient to describe the behavior of the object. To the likely dismay of some confused students of mathematics and physics around the world, Isaac Newton not only lived, but grew up and lived long enough to become the most influential scientist of the 17th century. There are also other advanced physical concepts that have relied on the use of computation to achieve further breakthroughs. In many cases, one theory and one discovery can serve as a starting point for others that come after. For example, Albert Einstein could not have deduced his famous and revolutionary theory of relativity without calculation.
The theory of relativity is about how space and time change relative to each other, and so computation is at the center of the theory. Newton laid the foundation for our scientific age. Its laws of motion and theory of gravity underpin much of modern physics and engineering. Nevertheless, he believed that he had been placed on earth to decipher God`s Word by studying both the Scriptures and the Book of Nature. For him, theology and mathematics were part of a project to discover a unified system of the world. There is no end to the influence that Isaac Newton and his invention of calculus had on the world. Before Newton, standard telescopes offered magnification, but with drawbacks. Known as refractive telescopes, they used glass lenses that changed the direction of different colors at different angles.